What is the Indirect Coombs Test?
The Indirect Coombs Test (ICT), also known as the Indirect Antiglobulin Test (IAT), is a blood test used to detect antibodies in the bloodstream that may cause immune-mediated reactions, particularly during blood transfusions and in pregnancy. This test identifies antibodies that could target and attack red blood cells, leading to hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells).

Purpose of the Indirect Coombs Test:

1. Blood Transfusion Compatibility:

   • The ICT is used to screen for antibodies in a patient’s blood before a blood transfusion to prevent transfusion reactions. It ensures that the patient’s blood is compatible with the donor's blood by checking for antibodies against donor red blood cells.

2. Pregnancy-Related Testing:

   • In pregnant women, the ICT is used to detect antibodies that may attack the red blood cells of the fetus, a condition known as hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). This occurs in cases where there is an Rh incompatibility between the mother and the fetus (e.g., Rh-negative mother and Rh-positive baby).

3. Assessing Autoimmune Disorders:

   • The test can also help detect antibodies associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, where the body’s immune system attacks its own red blood cells.

When is the Indirect Coombs Test Performed?

• Before a Blood Transfusion: To ensure compatibility between donor and recipient blood.
• During Pregnancy: To screen Rh-negative pregnant women for Rh antibodies, especially if they are carrying an Rh-positive fetus.
• For Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: To detect antibodies causing red blood cell destruction.

Sample Type:
Blood sample (venipuncture).

Preparation for the Test:

• Fasting: No fasting is required for this test.
• Medications: Inform your healthcare provider if you are taking any medications, as some drugs can affect antibody levels.

How the Test Works:

1. A blood sample is collected, and red blood cells are separated from the serum (the liquid part of the blood that contains antibodies).
2. The patient’s serum is mixed with red blood cells of known antigen profiles.
3. A reagent (anti-human globulin or Coombs reagent) is added to the mixture. If antibodies are present in the serum, they will bind to the red blood cells.
4. If clumping (agglutination) occurs, the test is positive, indicating the presence of antibodies.

Interpretation of Results:

• Negative Result: No antibodies are detected, indicating that the blood is safe for transfusion or that the pregnant woman does not have harmful antibodies affecting the fetus.
• Positive Result: The presence of antibodies is detected, which could indicate potential transfusion reactions or Rh incompatibility in pregnancy. Further testing may be required.

SpeedDiagno Booking and Collection:

• Book Easily: Schedule your Indirect Coombs Test through the SpeedDiagno app or website.
• Fast Sample Collection: SpeedDiagno offers quick and convenient sample collection, often within minutes of booking, depending on location and technician availability.
• At-Home Service: A skilled phlebotomist can collect your blood sample directly from your home or office, ensuring a hassle-free experience.

Turnaround Time:

• Sample Collection: The blood draw takes just a few minutes.
• Results: Typically available within 1-2 days, and results can be accessed directly via the SpeedDiagno app or website.

Why Choose SpeedDiagno?

• Instant Booking: Schedule your test easily via the SpeedDiagno app or website.
• Fast Service: Get your blood sample collected at home or office quickly.
• Accurate Testing: Results are processed by NABL certified labs, ensuring reliability.
• Convenience: At-home collection and easy access to your test results online.

Consultation:
After receiving your Indirect Coombs Test results, consult with your healthcare provider to discuss the next steps based on the findings.

Support:
For additional information or queries, reach out to SpeedDiagno's customer support.